django做的简易博客

这个博客是一个复习项目，有几天没做django了，因为之前一直用django1.8.3做的，现在改用django1.11.2，这也出现了一些版本上的问题，尤其是集成编辑器的时候
开始吧：

pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper-win
mkvirtualenv blog
pip install Django==1.11.2
django-amdin startproject lian1
cd lian1
python manange.py blog

开始写model.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models
from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField
#全局状态设置

STATUS={
    0:u'正常',
    1: u'草稿',
    2: u'删除',
}
#创建博客分类
class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=40,verbose_name=u'分类')
    rank = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u'分类排序')
    status = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u'状态')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(u'创建时间',auto_now_add=True)
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name='分类'
        ordering=['rank','-create_time']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

#创建博客文章
class Article(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=60,verbose_name=u'标题')
    category =models.ForeignKey(Category,verbose_name=u'分类')
    author= models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,verbose_name=u'作者')
    tags = models.CharField(max_length=60,verbose_name=u'标签')
    summary = models.TextField(verbose_name=u'摘要')
    content=UEditorField('详情', height=300, width=1000,
                 default=u'', blank=True, imagePath="uploads/images/",
                 toolbars='besttome', filePath='uploads/files/')
    img = models.ImageField(upload_to='upload')
    status = models.IntegerField(default=0, choices=STATUS.items(), verbose_name=u'状态')
    is_top = models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name=u'置顶')
    rank =models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name=u'排序')

    pub_time = models.DateTimeField(default=False, verbose_name=u'发布时间')
    update_time= models.DateTimeField(u'更新时间',auto_now=True)
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(u'创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
    def get_tags(self):
        return self.tags.split(',')#标签的使用
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name=u'文章'
        ordering=['rank','is_top','-pub_time','-create_time']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Comment(models.Model):
    blog = models.ForeignKey(Article,verbose_name='博客')
    name=models.CharField('称呼',max_length=16)
    email=models.EmailField('邮箱')
    content=models.CharField('内容',max_length=240)
    pub=models.DateField('发布时间',auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name='评论'

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.content

开始写admin.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from blog.models import Article,Category,Comment

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    search_fields=('name',)
    list_filter = ('status','create_time')
    list_display = ('name','rank','status')
    fields = ('name','rank','status')

class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    search_field=('title','summary')
    list_filter = ('status','category','is_top','create_time','update_time')
    list_display=('title','category','author','status','is_top','update_time')
    fieldsets = (
        (u'基本信息',{'fields':('title','category','author','status','is_top','tags','img')}),
        (u'内容',{'fields':('content',)}),
        (u'摘要',{'fields':('summary',)}),
        (u'时间',{'fields':('pub_time',)})
    )

class CommentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display =('blog','name','content','pub')
admin.site.register(Comment,CommentAdmin)
admin.site.register(Article,ArticleAdmin)
admin.site.register(Category,CategoryAdmin)

这些写好后开始集成DjangoUeditor，但是由于版本的问题，需要修改DjangoUeditor文件的urls.py
DjangoUeditor/urls.py(这是修改后的)

#coding:utf-8
from django import VERSION

if VERSION[0:2] > (1, 9):
    from django.conf.urls import url
elif VERSION[0:2] > (1, 3):
    from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
else:
    from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, url

from views import get_ueditor_controller

if VERSION[0:2] > (1, 9):
    urlpatterns = [
        url(r'^controller/$', get_ueditor_controller)
    ]
else:
    urlpatterns = patterns('',
                           url(r'^controller/$', get_ueditor_controller)
                           )

增加forms.py表单验证

#coding:utf-8
from django import forms
class CommentForm(forms.Form):

    name=forms.CharField(label='称呼',max_length=16,error_messages={
        'required':'请填写您的称呼',
        'max_length':'称呼太长咯'
    })
    email=forms.EmailField(label='邮箱',error_messages={
        'required':'请填写您的邮箱',
        'invalid':'邮箱格式不正确'
    })
    content=forms.CharField(label='内容',error_messages={
        'required':'请填写您的评论内容!',
        'max_length':'评论内容太长咯'
    })

然后修改lian1/urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf import settings
from DjangoUeditor import urls as DjangoUeditor_urls
from blog.views import *

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'ueditor/', include(DjangoUeditor_urls)),
    url(r'^index/$',get_blogs),
    url(r'^detail/(\d+)/$',get_details,name='detail'),

]
if settings.DEBUG:
    from django.conf.urls.static import static
    urlpatterns += static(
        settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

设置静态，修改settings.py

"""
Django settings for lian project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.2.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'mxts#+l%!xo07v8k%l1+*2cjmcn%#q9b^7)+v5mrxjx$++zvwf'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blog',
    'DjangoUeditor',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'lian.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'lian.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT=os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static')
STATICFILES_DIRS=(os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'common_static'),)
MEDIA_URL = '/upload/'
MEDIA_ROOT =os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'upload')

开始写views.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response
from django import template
from django.http import HttpResponse,Http404
from django.views.generic import ListView
from blog.models import *
from .models import *
from django.conf import settings
from .forms import CommentForm
# Create your views here.
def get_blogs(request):
    blogs = Article.objects.all()
    return render_to_response('index.html',{'blogs':blogs})

def get_details(request,blog_id):
#检查异常
    try:
        blog=Article.objects.get(id=blog_id)#获取固定的blog_id的对象；
    except Article.DoesNotExist:
        raise Http404
    if request.method =='GET':
        form =CommentForm()
    else:
        form =CommentForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            cleaned_data=form.cleaned_data
            cleaned_data['blog']=blog
            Comment.objects.create(**cleaned_data)
    ctx={
        'blog':blog,
        'comments':blog.comment_set.all().order_by('-pub'),
        'form':form
    }#返回3个参数
    return render(request,'details.html',ctx)

因为只是复习，模板就不写了，能调用出来就行了
index.html:

{% load staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
{% for blog in blogs %}
    <a href="{% url 'detail' blog.id %}">{{ blog.title }}</a>
    <img src="/upload/{{ blog.img }}"/>
    {{ blog.tags }}{{ blog.category }}{{ blog.author }}{{ blog.pub_time }}
    {{ blog.summary | truncatechars:100 }}
{% endfor %}
</body>
</html>

details.html:

{% load staticfiles %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>{{ blogs.title }}</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="title">
            <a href="#"><h2>{{ blogs.title }}</h2></a>
        </div>
        <div class="info">
            <span class="category" style="color:#ff9900 ;">{{ blogs.category.name }}</span>
            <span class="author" style="color: #4a86e8">{{ blogs.author }}</span>
            <span class="pub" style="color: #6aa84f">{{ blog.pub_time }}</span>
        </div>
        <div class="summary">
            {% autoescape off%}
                    {{blog.content}}
                    {% endautoescape %}
        </div>
<h2>评论</h2>
{% for comment in comments %}
    {{ comment.name }}说：{{ comment.content }}

{% endfor %}
<h3>提交评论</h3>
<form action="{% url 'detail' blog.id %}" method="'post">
    {% csf_token %}
    {% for field in form %}
        {{ field.label }}:{{ field }}
        {{ field.errors }}
        <button type="submit" style="margin-top:10px ">提交</button>
         <input type="button" value="返回">
    {% endfor %}
</form>
</body>
</html>

虽然是简单的项目，但是似乎对views的使用上还是不熟悉，用了一个下午才做出来。后面要加强的部分。。